#!/usr/bin/env python3

"""
Una comprensión de lista ofrece una sintaxis compacta para generar una nueva lista partiendo
de una existente
Sintaxis básica:
     newlist = [expression for item in iterable if condition == True]
El valor de retorno es una nueva lista, la lista original no se modifica
"""

# --------------------------------------------------------
# EJEMPLO 01
# --------------------------------------------------------
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "kiwi", "mango"]
newlist = []

for fruit in fruits:
  if "a" in fruit:
    newlist.append(fruit)

print(newlist) # ['apple', 'banana', 'mango']

# Equivalente 
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "kiwi", "mango"]
newlist = [fruit for fruit in fruits if "a" in fruit]
print(newlist) # ['apple', 'banana', 'mango']

# --------------------------------------------------------
# EJEMPLO 02
# --------------------------------------------------------
newlist = [fruit for fruit in fruits if fruit != "apple"]
print(newlist) # ['banana', 'cherry', 'kiwi', 'mango']

# --------------------------------------------------------
# EJEMPLO 03
# --------------------------------------------------------
newlist = [x for x in fruits] 
print(newlist) # ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'kiwi', 'mango']

# --------------------------------------------------------
# EJEMPLO 04
# --------------------------------------------------------
# The iterable can be any iterable object, like a list, tuple, set etc.
newlist = [x for x in range(10)]
print(newlist) # [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

# --------------------------------------------------------
# EJEMPLO 05
# --------------------------------------------------------
newlist = [x for x in range(10) if x < 5] 
print(newlist) # [0, 1, 2, 3, 4

# --------------------------------------------------------
# EJEMPLO 06
# --------------------------------------------------------
# Aplica método upper para pasar a mayusculas
newlist = [x.upper() for x in fruits] 
print(newlist) # ['APPLE', 'BANANA', 'CHERRY', 'KIWI', 'MANGO']

# --------------------------------------------------------
# EJEMPLO 07
# --------------------------------------------------------
newlist = ['hello' for x in fruits] 
print(newlist) # ['hello', 'hello', 'hello', 'hello', 'hello']

# --------------------------------------------------------
# EJEMPLO 08
# --------------------------------------------------------
# La expresion puede contener también condicionales, no como un filtro, sino como una forma de controlar la salida
# "Return the item if it is not banana, if it is banana return orange".
newlist = [x if x != "banana" else "orange" for x in fruits] 
print(newlist) # ['apple', 'orange', 'cherry', 'kiwi', 'mango'